Word formsdifficulty 2
present perfect
SentenceThe pretérito perfecto: a present form of haber (he, has, ha, hemos, habéis, han) + past participle (-ado/-ido). Used for past actions connected to the present or within an unfinished period: hoy he comido mucho, ¿has estado en México? Nothing can separate haber from the participle (lo he visto, never he lo visto), and the participle never agrees (hemos comido, not comidos). Common irregular participles: hecho, visto, dicho, escrito, puesto, vuelto, abierto, roto, muerto.
Examples
Hoy ___ comido demasiado.
→ he
Present perfect: he + participle for a period that includes now (hoy).
¿Alguna vez ___ estado en España?
→ has
Life experience up to now — present perfect with has.
Todavía no hemos ___ la película. (ver)
→ visto
Ver has the irregular participle visto.
¿Ya le ___ dicho la verdad? (tú)
→ has
Haber and the participle stay together: le has dicho — the pronoun goes before haber.
Practice Spanish in context
Write AI sentences that force each case of present perfect using your Easy vocab — or read articles where we underline the words that trigger each rule.